Fairclough amd wodak describe critical discourse analysis as being based on eight key principle :
- Critical discourse analysis and addreses social problems by examining the linguistic character of social and cultural prosesess and structures. Thus social and political processes have a linguistic or discussive character that is reflected in the use of certain linguistic and discourse strategies and choices.
- Power relation are exercised and negotiated in discourse. Thus power operates through language and is negotiated through language.
- Dicourse constitutes society and culture in that language not only reflects social relation but is part of them and reproduce them.
- Ideologies are very often produced through discourse. Their production includes ways of representating and constructing society such as relation of power, relation of domination and exploitation and relation based on gender and ethnicity.
- Discourse cannot be considered separately from the discourses that have preceded it and that will follow it. Nor can it be produced or understand without taking these intelextual relations and sociocultural knowledeges into consideration.
- Critical discourse analysis make connections between social and cultural structures and processes and properties of texts. These connections are however complex and more often indirect than direct, that is they are very often mediated.
- Critical discourse analysis goes beyond description and is both interpretative and explanatory. Further these interpretations and explanations are open and may be affected by new readings and new contextual information.
- Critical discourse analysis by uncovering opaqueness and relationships is a form social action that attempts to intervence and bring about change in communicative and socio political practice.
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